Taking a fish oil supplement can reduce your risk of a heart attack, according to a pair of Harvard-led clinical trials. The Vitamin D and Omega-3 Trial (VITAL) found that healthy people who took a fish oil supplement suffered fewer heart attacks, particularly if they did not eat fish frequently. Heart benefits from omega-3 fatty acids were found both in healthy people and in people with high risk of heart attack, stroke or heart disease, the study found.
The new trail provides firm evidence that the omega 3 fatty acids found in fish like salmon, sardines or tuna can have a beneficial effect on heart health, said Dr. JoAnn Manson, chief of preventive medicine at Brigham and Women’s Hospital in Boston, and lead researcher for the VITAL trial.
Nearly 26,000 U.S. men and women aged 50 and older were randomly assigned to take 1 gram of fish oil or 2,000 International Units of vitamin D daily or a placebo. Participants had no history of heart problems.
The fish oil supplements reduced the risk of heart attack by 28 percent over a five-year follow-up period.
There are many ways that omega-3 fatty acids could help heart health, Manson said. They are known to lower triglyceride levels, reduce inflammation, decrease blood clotting and help stabilize heart rhythm.
The new study pointed to some statistically significant results showing that omega-3 supplementation did provide benefits. These statistically significant results include:
• Total myocardial infarction: a 28% risk reduction in the omega-3 group compared to placebo (145 events in the omega-3 group versus 200 events in the placebo group)
• Total coronary heart disease: a 17% risk reduction in the omega-3 group compared to placebo (308 events in the omega-3 group versus 370 events in the placebo group)
• Fatal myocardial infarction: a 50% risk reduction in the omega-3 group versus placebo (13 events in the omega-3 group versus 26 in the placebo group)
Another clinical trial called REDUCE-IT Tested the approach in more than 8,000 participants who either had cardiovascular disease or were at high risk for it. These people were already on statins to lower their cholesterol, and also had high levels of fats called triglycerides in their blood. Elevated triglycerides can increase one’s risk of heart attack and stroke. People took either a two-gram pill of a highly purified omega-3 fatty acid twice daily or a placebo and were followed up to six years. Overall, the fish oil omega-3 supplements reduced the risk of heart attack or stroke by 25 percent.
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